The area of the Ohio headwaters was long inhabited by the Shawnee and several other settled groups of Native Americans.
The Pittsburgh Press continued without the h in its nameplate until August 1, 1921. After a public campaign, the federal decision to drop the h was reversed. erected into a borough, which shall be called the borough of Pittsburgh for ever." From 1891 to 1911, the city's name was federally recognized as "Pittsburg", though use of the final h was retained during this period by the city government and other local organizations. by the authority of the same, that the said town of Pittsburgh shall be. "Be it enacted by the Pennsylvania State Senate and Pennsylvania House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Pittsburgh was incorporated as a borough on April 22, 1794, with the following Act: As Forbes was a Scotsman, he probably pronounced the name / ˈ p ɪ t s b ər ə/ PITS-bər-ə (similar to Edinburgh). Pittsburgh was named in 1758, by General John Forbes, in honor of British statesman William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham. įort Pitt Blockhouse, built by the British in 1764, is the oldest extant structure in Pittsburgh. The region is a hub for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and energy extraction. The Economist 's Global Liveability Ranking placed Pittsburgh as the most or second-most livable city in the United States in 2005, 2009, 2011, 2012, 20. In 2015, Pittsburgh was listed among the "eleven most livable cities in the world". law firms make their global headquarters in the area, while RAND Corporation (RAND), BNY Mellon, Nova, FedEx, Bayer, and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) have regional bases that helped Pittsburgh become the sixth-best area for U.S. The nation's fifth-largest bank, eight Fortune 500 companies, and six of the top 300 U.S.
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The area has served as the federal agency headquarters for cyber defense, software engineering, robotics, energy research and the nuclear navy. Numerous technology firms including Google, Apple, Bosch, Meta, Nokia, Autodesk, Amazon, Microsoft and IBM are among 1,600 technology firms generating $20.7 billion in annual Pittsburgh payrolls.įederal money has supported the research agenda. Pittsburgh is home to large medical providers, including the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), and 68 colleges and universities, including research and development leaders Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh. Īfter 1990, Pittsburgh transformed into a hub for the health care, education, and technology industries.
However, this rich industrial history left the area with renowned museums, medical centers, parks, research centers, and a diverse cultural district. Deindustrialization in the 1970s and 1980s laid off area blue-collar workers as steel and other heavy industries declined, and thousands of downtown white-collar workers also lost jobs when several Pittsburgh-based companies moved out. For part of the 20th century, Pittsburgh was behind only New York City and Chicago in corporate headquarters employment it had the most U.S. Additionally, it is a leader in computing, electronics, and the automotive industry. Īside from steel, Pittsburgh has led in the manufacturing of other important materials-aluminum and glass-and in the petroleum industry. The city developed as a vital link of the Atlantic coast and Midwest, as the mineral-rich Allegheny Mountains led to the region being contested by the French and British empires, Virginians, Whiskey Rebels, and Civil War raiders. The city features 30 skyscrapers, two inclined railways, a pre-revolutionary fortification and the Point State Park at the confluence of the rivers. Pittsburgh is known both as "the Steel City" for its more than 300 steel-related businesses and as the "City of Bridges" for its 446 bridges.
Pittsburgh is located in southwest Pennsylvania at the confluence of the Allegheny River and the Monongahela River, which combine to form the Ohio River. It is the principal city of the greater Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area that extends into Ohio and West Virginia. The city anchors the Pittsburgh metropolitan area of Western Pennsylvania its population of 2.37 million is the largest in both the Ohio Valley and Appalachia, the second-largest in Pennsylvania, and the 27th-largest in the U.S. with a population of 302,971 as of the 2020 census. It is the second-most populous city in Pennsylvania, behind Philadelphia, and 68th-largest city in the U.S. Pittsburgh ( / ˈ p ɪ t s b ɜːr ɡ/ PITS-burg) is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Allegheny County.
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